Examples of Investigation and Measurement

Properties of lenses
In a ray tracing set-up various types of lenses like convex, concave, thin and thick lenses are investigated for their characteristics. The path of the rays can be followed within and outside of the lenses and properties like focal length or magnification factor can be demonstrated.

Spherical aberration
On this set-up spherical aberration of lenses is demonstrated. It shows how spherical aberration can be reduced by a proper installation of the lens of interest.

Telescopes
With pairs of lenses the set-ups of Kepler as well as Galilei telescopes are performed. Their working principle can be visualized and investigated by ray tracing.

Chromatic aberration
For demonstration of chromatic aberration of a lens, a light source of blue and red colour is used. The sharp image of a mask inserted in the beam path can be localized as a function of the light colour by observing the image through a magnifying glass.

OXP-03 Required Equipment
1	02.0500	Profile rail OCM 650, 500 mm The high precision optical rails are made out of special anodized aluminum. The rails are the base for various modules attached to carriers.
3	02.2132	Mounting plate OCM 650 for click 30, including carrier 20 mm Mounting plates are used to hold optical mounts. A characteristic feature of the mounting plates is the “click” mechanism of the inserts based on spring loaded spheres. Snapping in the groove of the inserted click mount, the optical element is kept in an exact position. On the other hand, the system allows a quick and easy change of the mounted inserts. The mounting plates are made out of special anodized aluminum. Mounted onto the carrier 20 mm, the mounting plates can be placed onto an optical rail.
1	02.2202	Filter plate holder FH 650, for 3 filters 50x50x3 mm, including carrier 30 mm The holder can support a total of three filter plates with the dimension 50 x 50 mm. The maximum thickness of the filters can be 5 mm. Lateral springs fix the filters within the holder. The holder and the carrier 30 mm are made out of special anodized aluminum and can be placed onto an optical rail.
1	02.6106	4 axis adjustment holder KH650, theta, phi, X and Y, including carrier 20 mm This adjustment holder mounts a Diode Laser or an LED lamp. Using the fine pitch adjustment screws, the optical axis can be aligned within the range of 3 mm. For fine alignment of the angle of the light beam, two additional pitch adjustment screws are attached onto the back of the holder. The holder and the carrier 20 mm are made out of special anodized aluminum and can be placed onto an optical rail.
1 1 1 1	04.0022 04.0028 04.0053 04.0060	Achromate f=40 mm, mounted in click 30 mount Achromate lens f=150, mounted in click 30 mount Biconvex lens f=150, mounted in click 30 mount Plano convex lens f=40, mounted in click 30 mount Different glass lenses are mounted onto a special anodized aluminum click mount 25 mm by two threaded mounting rings to be used in connection with a mounting plate (02.2126).
1	05.0030	LED white in housing As universal and easy-to-change light sources, LED lamps are used in optical experiments. The LEDs are mounted onto a 40 mm x 25 mm diameter housing tube made out of special anodized aluminum. For the alignment, the lamps can be fixed onto a four axis adjustment holder mounted onto a carrier. For their operation, the active LDD-05 power supply (07.0206) is required which controls the output power. For the lamps 1 W (white LED: 3W), high brightness LEDs are used.
1	05.0228	DIMO diode laser module, 532 nm (green) with beam fan Due to its collimated beam, this frequency doubled green YAG laser is an ideal light source for experiments dealing with ray tracing and beam propagation. The diode in its 40 mm x 25 mm diameter housing tube made out of special anodized aluminum can be fixed onto a four axis adjustment holder and can be aligned to the optical axis. Driven by the LDD-05 active power supply (07.0206), the output power is controlled in the range from 0 to 3 mW.
1	07.0206	LDD-05 active power supply The universal LDD-05 active power supply is used for all laser and LED light sources. It recognizes which source is connected and sets the parameters for it automatically. The unit is equipped with a main switch, a regulation knob for adjusting the laser or LED power and a safety lock. The provided USB bus interface allows control through a personal computer or laptop and qualifies this unit as multimedia source. The housing is made out of shock-proof plastic with an aluminum front and rear panel. Voltage: 230 VAC / 50 Hz Case dimensions: 200 mm x 160 mm x 62 mm.
1	09.1302	Lens demonstrator assembly Seven lenses of different types (four convex and three concave lenses), made out of flourecent acrylic, can be mounted onto two holders, attached on carriers 20 mm. A beam fan is shaped by the lenses and the rays can be traced within the lenses. The unit demonstrates the properties of different lenses as well as different kinds of telescopes. The metal parts are made out of special anodized aluminum.
1 1	09.1304 09.1306	Beam track display, 100 mm Beam Track display, 50 mm These units are used to display the tracks of optical rays. The beams are propagating inside an acrylic plate. Due to fluorescence, the beam paths are visualized. The 3 mm thick plates are mounted onto a mount with carrier 20 mm which can be directly attached to the optical rail
1	09.1308	Set of filters and mask A set of three acrylic colour filters (blue, red, violet) and a spatial mask is used for demonstrating the phenomenon of chromatic aberration of lenses. The dimensions of the elements are 50 mm x 50 mm x 3 mm. The slide window is 20 mm x 20 mm large.