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Examples of Investigation and
Measurement
Polarization of light sources / Malus Law
In a first experiment the polarization state of different light sources
is determined. The light travelling through a polarizer is observed on a
screen as a function of the orientation of the polarizer. With a second
polarizer (defined as analyzer) the relative orientation of the
polarizers is determined. The transmitted light is measured by a photo
detector and the Malus Law can be verified.
Absolute direction of polarization
To monitor the absolute orientation of polarized light a laser beam
travelling through a scattering sample is observed by looking through a
polarizer.
Optical activity
In between of two crossed polarizers an optically active sample is
placed. By readjusting the analyzer for total absorption the angle of
rotation of the active material is determined. This angle is independent
of the rotational orientation of the sample.
Half- and quarter-wave plates
The influence of half- and quarter-wave plates on polarized and
non-polarized light is investigated and the difference to optical
activity is demonstrated.
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OXP-13 Required Equipment |
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| 1 | 02.2082 |
Mounting plate 40 with rotator, spacer block and carrier 20 mm This element mounts
optical plates, like half- and quarter-wave plates,
which can rotate around their axis. The rotator has a
scale graduation from 0 - 360° at intervals of 5°. The
unit is made out of special anodized aluminum and can be
directly attached to the optical rail via a carrier 20
mm. |
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| 1 | 02.2132 |
Mounting plate OCM 650 for click 30, including carrier 20 mm Mounting plates are
used to hold optical mounts. A characteristic feature of
the mounting plates is the “click” mechanism of the
inserts based on spring loaded spheres. Snapping in the
groove of the inserted click mount, the optical element
is kept in an exact position. On the other hand, the
system allows a quick and easy change of the mounted
inserts. |
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1 |
02.6106 |
4 axis adjustment holder KH650, theta, phi, X and Y,
including carrier 20 mm |
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1 |
04.0060 |
Plano convex lens f=40, mounted in click
30 mount |
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| 1 | 04.0110 |
Quarter wave plate, mounted in click 25 mount A quarter-wave quartz
plate is mounted onto a special anodized aluminum click
mount 25 mm by two threaded mounting rings to be used in
connection with a mounting plate 40 with rotator
(02.2082). The influence of a quarter-wave plate on a
light beam can be studied as a function of the rotation
angle. |
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| 1 | 04.0111 |
Optical quartz
plate, mounted in click 25 mount |
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| 1 | 04.0112 |
Half wave plate, mounted in click 25 mount A half-wave quartz
plate is mounted onto a special anodized aluminum click
mount 25 mm by two threaded mounting rings to be used in
connection with a mounting plate 40 with rotator
(02.2082). The influence of a half-wave plate on a light
beam can be studied as a function of the rotation angle. |
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| 1 | 04.0180 |
Acrylic polarisation monitor The polarization state of a light beam passing through this monitor is determined by the direction of the scattered light. The acrylic block has a size of 50 mm x 40 mm x 15 mm. |
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| 1 |
05.0030 05.0032 |
LED white in housing As universal and
easy-to-change light sources, LED lamps are used in
optical experiments. The LEDs are mounted onto a 40 mm x
25 mm diameter housing tube made out of special anodized
aluminum. For the alignment, the lamps can be fixed onto
a four axis adjustment holder mounted onto a carrier.
For their operation, the active LDD-05 power supply
(07.0206) is required which controls the output power.
For the lamps 1 W (white LED: 3W), high brightness LEDs
are used. |
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| 1 | 05.0226 |
DIMO diode laser module, 532 nm (green) Due to its collimated
beam, this frequency doubled green YAG laser is an ideal
light source for experiments dealing with ray tracing
and beam propagation. The diode in its 40 mm x 25 mm
diameter housing tube made out of special anodized
aluminum can be fixed onto a four axis adjustment holder
and can be aligned to the optical axis. Driven by the
LDD-05 active power supply (07.0206), the output power
is controlled in the range from 0 to 3 mW. |
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| 1 | 07.0206 |
LDD-05 active power supply |
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| 1 | 09.0044 |
Module polarization analyzer with
mounting plate and rotation assembly In this unit, the high quality polarizer foil is inserted into a rotatable holder mounted onto a carrier. Using the rotating insert, the polarization direction can be set in degrees (0 - 360°) with a resolution of 2°. The unit is made out of special anodized aluminum. Mounted onto the carrier 20mm, it can be directly attached to the optical rails. |
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| 1 | 09.2310 |
Polarisation assembly
Using this unit, an optical glass
plate can be rotated around its axis while the pivot arm
is set to the deflected beam. By adjusting the hinge
angle, the beam deviation angle can be measured on a
scale from -90 - +90° at intervals of 2°. Depending on
the arm mounts, intensity and polarization state are
determined. |
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| 1 | 09.2320 |
Set of mounts on arm for
polarisation
This set consists of one
analyzer, one focusing lens and a mini-photodetector.
They can be put onto the rotatable pivot arm using
adjustment pins. |
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| 1 |
19.0400
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Digital multimeter 3 ˝ digits he digital multimeter is used for relative intensity measurements of light beams. It has to be connected to a photodetector via banana adapter connection leads. Specifications:
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